Low intestinal inflammation model (HP48) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and inflammatory mitigation by Bactocell

Moderate levels of intestinal damage and inflammation are often seen in intensive fish aquaculture. The causes may be due to antinutrients from plant meals, stress or other causes. There is currently a lack good models explore these effects so how mitigate the consequences. Most studies have used full-fat soy compounds that cause likely not reversible. In this study we explored possibility using soybean HP48, made solvent extracted peeled soybeans, as low-inflammation model post-smolt Atlantic salmon, then investigated whether supplementation probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici CNCM I-4622 – MA 18/5 M (Bactocell) could diminish effect. were fed triplicate diets. A Control diet containing 18.08% protein concentrate (SPC), HP48 where most SPC was replaced by (5.00% 17.68% HP48), Bactocell identical but contained 0.03% Bactocell. After 10 weeks feeding, mid- hind-intestinal health assessed histology, integrity (Ussing chamber) gene expression (RNAseq). Transcriptomic data suggests led disturbed mid-intestinal homeostasis with impaired cellular increased cell turnover. transcriptomic reversed including downregulation immune genes upregulation transmembrane proteins such type IV collagen, which important restoring epithelial homeostasis. hind-intestine, deleterious morphological changes widening lamina propria stratum granulosum, disrupted mucosal folds, loss absorptive vacuoles, several regulated involved solute- water transport. Ussing chamber affected. did alleviate effects. However, it able completely reverse immune- transport related genes, suggesting higher effect supplement mid-intestine compared hind-intestine. This demonstrates level here sufficient create low-level within range for functional feed ingredients reverse.